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Cory Lum/Civil Beat/2020

About the Author

Neal Milner

Neal Milner is a former political science professor at the University of Hawaiʻi where he taught for 40 years. He is a political analyst for KITV and is a regular contributor to Hawaii Public Radio's "The Conversation." His most recent book is The Gift of Underpants. Opinions are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Civil Beat's views.

Analysts, scientists, academics and journalists succumbed to a conventional wisdom based on fear and the view that the only thing important was saving lives.

It’s five years after the Covid-19 pandemic, and I am ashamed of myself.  I’m ashamed of the poor job I did as an analyst.

I was part of the herd of people — analysts, scientists, academics, journalists — who should have known better but succumbed to a conventional wisdom based on fear and a cripplingly narrow view that the only thing important was saving lives.

When I do analysis, my goals are openness and tolerance, but most of all a healthy skepticism that covers everyone, including myself. I want to report on what’s missing from the common explanations.

I should have done this better because I have the training. At my stage of life, I’ve got plenty of time to reflect.

But that training is like any other preparation. It’s one thing to have it, but it’s another thing to put it into practice when the chips are down.

I’ve learned my lesson, at least have begun to, from Stephen Macedo’s and Frances Lee’s new book “In Covid’s Wake: How Our Politics Failed Us.” And politics did, big time.

The central message of their book, they say, “is that several tenets of basic rationality evaporated under the stress of the Covid onslaught.“

”One of the greatest failures, was the failure to weigh the expected costs of policy against the expected benefits.”

Mayor Caldwell ordered all parks and beaches closed. Sign at Leahi Park closed during COVID-19 pandemic.
On Oʻahu, all parks and beaches, including Lēʻahi Park, were closed because of the pandemic. (Cory Lum/Civil Beat/2020)

Wholesale Adoption Of Dubious Plans

Those who failed included government, scientists,  the news media and academics. Those who thought otherwise, not just anti-vaxxers but also respectable scientists and planners with different ideas, were typically ignored or stigmatized.

What made things worse was that these failures occurred partly because from the start they ignored pre-2020 pandemic plans that correctly predicted many of the costs and ethical dilemmas that emerged during the Covid pandemic response. Closing schools for instance, but many others, too.

“Instead, previously untested, unproven policies were implemented wholesale across society in earnest hope of benefits, heedless of costs.” 

I made three big mistakes.

First, I should have made myself aware of these earlier plans and written about them at least during the brief moment when there was some opportunity to have a rational discussion about alternatives, costs and benefits.

But I was captured by the moment — the sudden surge of a terrible disease, my fear of getting Covid — and never got my nose out of the present. Like most people, I suppose, but I had those obligations about skepticism and distance I needed to follow.

Second, I should have been skeptical about the sudden, or as Macedo and Lee call it, “turn on a dime” about-face away from these plans. 

It’s astonishing how quickly and with so little evidence the World Health Organization refuted these earlier plans and instead saw the total lockdown in Wuhan, China, as the model that the world should follow.

China, an authoritarian country, as the model and the beacon of light? Really? We had no reliable data that the Wuhan lockdown was working. Its lockdown had hardly begun. Besides, China’s scientists would not or could not release any reliable Covid information.

Plus, as we know now,  a leak in the research lab in Wuhan was quite likely the source of Covid.

Talk about buying a pig in a poke.

Norman Jonithan receives his COVID-19 vaccination from Registered Nurse Jolana Gollero at Lighthouse Outreach Center in Waipahu. March 24, 2021
Norman Jonithan receives his Covid shot from Jolana Gollero in Waipahu in 2021. By the time the vaccine was available, it was impossible to ignore the dynamics of politics. (Cory Lum/Civil Beat/2021)

No Time To Consider The Alternatives

What brought about this extraordinary, world-shaking turn of events in the absence of any reliable evidence that the new pandemic focus on full lockdown would work?

I never thought about that question because I did not know enough to look.

The most likely explanations are fear and panic that a couple of public health experts describe “as if governments were following one another over a cliff.”

 It was fueled by the language of war. “The war on Covid.” Get on board, or we’ll all gonna die!

Tradeoffs? The serious economic and social consequences of a total lockdown? No time for that. Mentioning them in the heat of battle became disruptive, disloyal and insensitive to all those hospital patients dying and their staffs’ bravery.

Third, I minimized the importance of dissent. I paid attention only to the dissent that political polarization created. 

That was very important. Once the response became Democrat versus Republican and red state versus blue state, it became impossible to carry out serious, open discussion about Covid policy. 

“Follow the science” became a virtue signal. Anthony Fauci as Satan became a response.

It turns out that whatever the polarization battle over masking, social distancing, contact tracing and school closing was, it made no difference.

Before the vaccine, Republican states had the same Covid death rates as Democratic ones. Only the vaccine made a difference. Once it was available, red states had a higher death rate than blue states because fewer red state people got the shots.

I paid no attention to how impossible it was for respectable, knowledgeable scientists to dissent.

School shutdowns started early and lasted far too long. (Cory Lum/Civil Beat/2020)

‘Focused Protection’ Wasn’t Good Enough

About eight months into the lockdown thousands of scientists and public health officials signed a petition called The Great Barrington Declaration. 

It called for a move away from a total lockdown toward “focused protection,” where those most at risk of dying could be kept safe while at the same time society took no other steps to prevent the infection. One consequence: Schools should open.

Barrington was clearly influenced by those pre-2020 Covid plans that had so quickly dropped out of the picture.

The declaration stresses all of the serious long- and short-term damages that a total lockdown creates.

In fact, Sweden from the get-go adopted this approach and has ended up with a very low death rate. Not our choice, so not our interest.

I don’t remember much about the declaration because I paid no attention to its points. But what I  do remember is that it scared the crap out of me. Its ideas threatened to pierce my security bubble.

Dissenting opinions were considered disloyal – fake news with dangerous implications. 

If I had taken a step back, as I’m doing now, The Great Barrington Declaration sounds like an opportunity to do science as it’s supposed to be done: A group of knowledgeable experts having an open discussion that adhered to debate, critical examination including self-examination, doubt and self-doubt.

It did not. In fact, just the opposite. National Institute of Health’s Francis Collins’s response to Covid officials Anthony Fauci and Alex Azar: “There needs to be a quick and devastating takedown of its premises.”  

And takedown there was. According to these heavy-duty opponents, the Barrington signers weren’t just dissenters. They were labeled to be on the fringe. In fact, the Wikipedia “Great Barrington” entry calls the Barrington ideas “fringy.”

By that time, dissenting opinions were considered disloyal – fake news with dangerous implications. 

I uncritically accepted the demeaning counter-to-science language of the scientists critical of the declaration.

I didn’t think much about this even close to home — professors censuring their colleagues for advocating dissenting views. 

I had become a soldier, or at least a patriotic citizen, in the war on Covid.

How about you?

Here are two questions for everyone. Can a crisis like a pandemic be dealt with in a rational way that openly examines costs and benefits from the beginning? What’s the proper balance between experts like scientists and the opinions of the rest of us?

If you think the questions themselves are unrealistic or “too theoretical,”  here’s a reality check:

Imagine what the country’s response would be if a pandemic hit tomorrow.


Read this next:

Alyssa Salcedo: Why Do Civic Engagement Bills Keep Failing At The Legislature?


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About the Author

Neal Milner

Neal Milner is a former political science professor at the University of Hawaiʻi where he taught for 40 years. He is a political analyst for KITV and is a regular contributor to Hawaii Public Radio's "The Conversation." His most recent book is The Gift of Underpants. Opinions are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Civil Beat's views.


Latest Comments (0)

Local epidemiologist here. I helped develop and lead many of these COVID-19 response efforts. In my previous job, I helped develop the global pandemic preparedness plans (pre-COVID) also mentioned. This gives me a creditable perspective.One of the biggest misunderstandings about pandemic response is the assumption that decisions are made on science alone. In reality, public health policy is a combination of hard science, sociology, politics, economics, psychology, ethics, and even pop culture. Here’s a small but illustrative example:Public health officials knew by mid-2020 that COVID was primarily airborne and rarely transmitted via surfaces. Yet handwashing and surface disinfection remained prominent in public guidance. Why? Because people needed a sense of agency—a simple action they could take for reassurance. And because changing guidance, even when based on new scientific data, leads to public confusion and the mistaken belief that "science was wrong," which undermines trust in all other guidance.So yes, some actions taken during the pandemic didn’t make perfect scientific sense—even at the time. But those actions were often rooted in behavioral science, not ignorance.

J.Schafer · 1 year ago

Milner cites Sweden, which he says had "a very low death rate," as evidence against the lockdown strategy. The most comparable countries to Sweden are its Scandinavian neighbors, which have similar socio-economic conditions and, normally, similar health statistics. Sweden's COVID death rate per capita was more than double Norway's, 77% higher than Denmark's, and 24% higher than Finland's. I won't claim this proves Sweden's tactic was wrong--there may be other variables--but it certainly can't be cited as a success. Sure, in hindsight, some things could have been done better. But that's always true in hindsight. That's a long way from saying that the "Great Barrington" approach was right. And no one was more wrong than Dr. Scott Atlas, who Trump picked to advise him on COVID after he predicted in March 2020, early in the pandemic, that it would cause about 10,000 deaths. He got selected because he told Trump what he wanted to hear. Not a good strategy for a leader. People always complain about how things are in Hawai'i, but we had the lowest per-capita COVID death rate of any state. Oklahoma and Kentucky's rates were more than 3.5x higher. We did something right.

factchecker · 1 year ago

The group think and censorship of dissenting highly esteemed medical doctors, professors, and scientists from esteemed universities and medical schools, such as Stanford, who dared to question the "science" was disgusting. Who anointed Fauci as the arbiter of truth? Even worse, to this day, it remains a heresy in public discourse to discuss, investigate, and help those who may have been injured by the COVID vaccines. Search for the OpenVAERS project if you dare. Arresting people for going to the beach by themselves to get fresh air and sunlight was a crime against humanity. The shutdowns of small businesses while big box stores were allowed to remain open is not based on any valid "science." The censorship of good faith scientific research on Ivermectin (a safe, low cost drug for which its discoverer won a Nobel prize in 2015 for its original use as an anti-parasitic in humans) as a novel off-label treatment for COVID is even more obscene because it threatened big pharma profits.I was coerced to get "vaccinated" to keep my job and I took one J&J jab. No boosters and never got COVID and neither did my unvaccinated wife as we both continued to work throughout the pandemic.

Mokuleia · 1 year ago

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