Ka nota a ka luna hoʻoponopono: Unuhi ʻia na Kamalani Johnson. Click here to read this article in English.
Ma hope o ka ‘elua me ka hapa pule ma hope o ka loku ‘ino ‘ana o ka ua i ka ‘Ino Lala a he kiliona a ʻoi kālani ua e waiho maila mai ʻō a ʻō o ka pae ʻāina, hoʻopuka akula ko Honolulu he kūkala nūhou nona kahi helu e hopohopo ʻia: Ua hanini ma kahi o ka 26 miliona kālani kūkae nona ke koʻohune ma ke Awa O Honolulu i ka ʻino nui.
ʻO ia paha kekahi o nā hanini keu a ka maikaʻi ʻole mai ka makahiki 2006 mai, i ka wā i hanini ai ʻaneʻane he 50 miliona kālani kūkae i loko o ke Alawai Ala Wai he hopena o ka ua nui.
Civil Beat stories ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi
‘Ka Ulana Pilina’ is an ongoing collection of news articles and opinion pieces written in the Hawaiian language to better connect with our Indigenous readers, identify underreported stories and improve our engagement with an underserved community.rn
“He kākaʻikahi kēia,” i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Roger Babcock, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ke Keʻena Lawelawe ‘Āina o Honolulu, ma kahi nīnauele hope iho nei.
I ke kūlanakauhale e ʻimi ana i ka hoʻolilo i ke kālā ma nā biliona ma luna o nā hoʻokāʻoi ʻauwai i koi ʻia na ke aupuni pekelala, aia ke ʻaʻa ʻia nei ka ikaika o ia mau hoʻokāʻoi ʻana e nā ʻino e like me Lala, a ke hoʻokikina ʻia nei nā ʻelele hoʻokō e lapaʻau i nā pilikia hou i wānana mua ʻole ʻia.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hanini ʻana — he 26.1 miliona kālani kona nui — ʻo ke keʻakeʻa o nā kānana i ka ʻōpala ma ka Hale Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Wai Kūkae o Sand Island ka mole o ka pilikia, wahi a ke kūkala nūhou, a kaumaha iho ai ka wai kūkae a komo ihola i nā ʻauwai hoʻokuʻu wai ʻino.
ʻO ka hanini ʻana o ka 26 miliona kālani kūkae o ʻAukake kekahi o nā mea nui loa ma ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana aʻe iho nei.
ʻO ka hanini ʻana o ke 50 miliona kālani kūkae i ka makahiki 2005, ua hanini hoʻi ma kahi wā kaulana i ka loku nui o ka ua no ke 40 lā moekahi, a pani ʻia ai nā kahakai mai Magic Island i Fort DeRussy.
Mau ka hiki ke pā ka poʻe a mea like paha i ke kūkae ma kona ʻano ʻuʻuku. I ka makahiki 2015, he kumu ka ʻIno Kilo i hanini ai ʻaneʻane he hapa miliona kālani kūkae ma kahi kokoke i ka huina alanui Atkinson a me Ala Moana, a pani ʻia ai nā ala kai mai ke Kahakai ʻo Kūhiō a i Kakaʻako.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Babcock, ʻaʻole i keʻakeʻa nā kānana ma nā wā ʻē aʻe i loku ai ka ua a ʻaʻole i wānana ʻia ka lilo ʻana o ia mea he pilikia ma lalo o ka ʻaelike pekelala e hoʻokele nei i ka hoʻokāʻoi ʻia o ko Honolulu ʻōnaehana hoʻokuʻu wai kūkae. ʻAʻole nō hoʻi i keʻakeʻa nā kānana i nā ʻino Kona moekahi o Malaki, wahi āna, a no laila, he paʻakikī ka ʻike ponoʻī i ka papahana e lawelawe ai i mea e loaʻa ʻole ai kēia ʻano i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ke hai nei ke kūlanakauhale he kanaka ʻike e noiʻi ai i ka pilikia.
“He mea nui ko mākou kālailai pono ʻana i kēia,” wahi a Babcock i ʻōlelo ai.
‘Ma Hea Kākou E Hoʻokahe Ai?’
I ka wā a kekahi e hoʻoholo ai he lua ma kahi kūlanakauhale ʻo Honolulu, holo ia wai i loko o kekahi mau paipu e holo ana i ka Hale Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Wai Kūkae o Sand Island, kahi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai ma kahi o ke 60 miliona kālani wai kūkae i kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke kai. Hiki nō naʻe ke kupu mai nā pilikia.
Lawelawe ʻia ke kūkae ma nā paipu ma o nā ʻano pauma uila a ʻumekaumaha. Inā kahiko loa nā paipu, hiki ke haki, a hanini ai ka wai kūkae. A inā pau ka pono o kahi pauma — ma muli paha o ka pio o ka uila a no ka pilikia o kahi hoʻopaʻa — hiki ke ulu ke kaumaha o ka wai kūkae, a hanini ai paha. I mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai ia hanini ʻana, kiʻi ke kūlanakauhale i nā kalaka wākiuma.
Ua pilikia mua ke kūlanakauhale ma ke kānāwai i nā hanini wai kūkae pinepine. I mea e hoʻopau ʻia ai kahi mau hihia kānāwai no nā hanini mai nā hui e like ma ka Sierra Club, ua komo ko Honolulu i kahi kūkala ʻae poepoe honua me ke aupuni pekelala i ka makahiki 2010 nona kekahi mau hana: ʻO ka hoʻoikaika i kona ʻōnaehana paipu a me ke ke kiʻi i kahi kiʻina hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai nōhihi aʻe ma kona mau hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai kūkae.
“Ma ka laulā, ʻo ke ola kino o ke ākea ka hopohopo nui,” wahi a Babcock. “Ua hoʻonoho ʻia nā lula a mea like i mea e kaupalena ai i ka pā o ke ākea i ka wai kūkae.”
Ua holo ka ʻāpana hana mua a ke kūlanakauhale ma lalo o ke kūkala — ʻo ka hoʻokāʻoi i kekahi mau paipu he kenekulia kona kahiko i mea e hoʻēmi ʻia ai nā hanini ʻana ma nā alanui kūlanakauhale — mai ka makahiki 2010 i ka makahiki 2020.
A laila, i mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ke kūkae paʻa, ua kauoha ʻia ma lalo o ke kūkala ka hoʻokomo ʻana he lawelawe huna ola — he ʻōnaehana no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke kūkae a me ka wehe ʻana i nā mea kūpono ʻole ma kahi o ka hoʻokaʻawale wale ʻana aku nō i ke kūkae paʻa mai ka wai kūkae — i nā Hale Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Wai Kūkae o Sand Island a me Honouliuli. Ua pau ka hana ma Honouliuli ma ka makahiki 2024, a ua kō iho nei ke keʻehina mua o kēia hana ma Sand Island i kēlā mahina aku nei me ka palena pau loa i ka makahiki 2035.
Hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻikepili kūlanakauhale ke emi ʻana o ka nui hanini ʻana mai ka 200 i ke 31 ma waena o nā makahiki 2006 i ka 2024.
Ma ka wā o nā ʻino nui, wahi a Babcock, hoʻāʻo kāna mau limahana e hoʻoholo i ka wai kūkae i nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai kūkae i mea e hōʻalo ʻia ai ka hanini ʻana o ka wai kūkae ma nā alanui.
“ʻAʻole paha hiki ke ʻalo ʻia ka hanini ʻana o ka wai kūkae i kekahi manawa,” wahi āna. “No laila, e pono mākou ma ke ʻano he keʻena e hoʻoholo: Ma hea ana kākou e hoʻokahe ai?”
Aia ma ka Hale Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Wai Kūkae o Sand Island ka hapa nui loa o ka hanini ʻana o ka wai kūkae ma ka wā o Lala. Ua hiki ke loaʻa hou mai i ke kūlanakauhale he hapa miliona a ʻoi kālani o ka wai kūkae i hanini mai Sand Island, e waiho ana nō naʻe he 25.45 miliona kālani wai kūkae i hanini i loko o nā ʻauwai hoʻokuʻu wai e holo ana i ke Awa o Honolulu. Ua hiki i nā limahana ke lapaʻau i ka pilikia ma ke kālele ma luna o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpala mai kekahi kānana, he mea hoʻi i maha iho ai ke kaumaha o nā kānana ʻē aʻe a ʻekolu i pilikia, a pēlā i hiki ai i nā limahana ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ia mau mea.
Aia ma Kakaʻako ma Kahi Pauma Wai Kūkae o Ala Moana nā hanini ʻē aʻe o ia lā ma muli o ka pio ʻana o ka uila a me ka pilikia o kahi hoʻopaʻa ma kahi mīkini uila keu, kahi i hanini ai he 700,000 kālani wai kūkae a i loaʻa hou mai ai he 150,000 kālani wai kūkae. Ua kaumaha pū ka wai kūkae ma kahi kokoke ma 425 South Alanui i ia mau pio ʻana o ka uila, kahi i hoʻokahe ai nā manakia hale i ka wai kūkae ma Auahi Alanui e mālama ʻia ai ko ka hale ʻōnaehana uila, wahi a ke kūkala nūhou kūlanakauhale.
Eia hou, ua hālana kahi ʻīpuka ʻauwai ma kahi kokoke i kahi o hope loa o ke Awāwa ʻo Mānoa, a hanini ai he 100 miliona kālani wai kūkae. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Babcock, he pilikia pinepine ia wahi a hoʻonoho ʻo ia i nā limahana ma laila me nā kalaka wākiuma ma nā wā ʻino a hiki i ka wā e hik ai i kona keʻena ke hoʻoponopono pau loa i ia pilikia ma laila.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Steve Holmes, he lālā o ka ʻaha kalana o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Honolulu ma mua a ʻo ka lālā hoʻokaʻaʻike o ka Sierra Club e makaʻala ana i ka holomua o ke kūlanakauhale no ke kūkala, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he kaʻawale ko Honolulu mau ʻōnaehana kiʻo wai ua a kiʻo wai kūkae. Kulu nō naʻe ka wai ua i nā māwae o ka ʻōnaehana wai kūkae, wahi āna, a kaumaha hou ai ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai kūkae ke nui loa ka wai kahe.
“ʻIke au, ʻaʻole hauʻoli ka poʻe i ka piʻi ʻana o ka uku ʻauwai,” wahi a Holmes, e kuhikuhi ana i ka piʻi ʻana aku nei o ka uku no ka uku ʻana i nā hoʻokāʻoi ʻana, “akā, ma ko mākou hoʻomaka mua ʻana i kēia hana, aia iā mākou nā ʻōnaehana paipu he 100 makahiki kona kahiko ma Honolulu. A ua pilikia loa ihola kona kūlana.”
